India (Hindi: Bhārat), mwalamulo Republic of India (Hindi: Bhārat Gaṇarājya), ndi dziko ku South Asia. Ili ndi dziko lachiwiri lokhala ndi anthu ambiri, dziko lachisanu ndi chiwiri padziko lonse lapansi, komanso demokalase yodziwika kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi. Chokulitsidwa ndi Indian Ocean kumwera, Nyanja ya Arabian kumwera chakumadzulo, ndi Bay of Bengal kumwera chakum'mawa, imagawana malire ndi Pakistan kumadzulo; China, Nepal, ndi Bhutan kumpoto; ndi Bangladesh ndi Myanmar kummawa. Mu Indian Ocean, India ili pafupi ndi Sri Lanka ndi Maldives; Zilumba zake za Andaman ndi Nicobar amagawana malire ndi Thailand ndi Indonesia. Anthu amakono adafika ku Indian subcontinent kuchokera ku Africa pasanathe zaka 55,000 zapitazo. Kukhala kwawo kwakutali, koyambirira kosiyanasiyana monga osaka osaka, kwapangitsa dera lino kukhala losiyanasiyananso, lachiwiri kokha ku Africa mukutengera kwachilengedwe kwa anthu. Moyo wokhazikika udatulukira ku madera akumadzulo kwa mtsinje wa Indus zaka 9,000 zapitazo, kusinthira pang'onopang'ono mu Indus Valley Civilization wa zaka 2000 zapitazo. Pofika chaka cha 1200 BCE, chilankhulo chakale chachisanskriti, chilankhulo chaku Indo-ku Europe, chidali chitafalikira ku India kuchokera kumpoto chakumadzulo, chikuwonekera ngati chilankhulo cha Rigveda, ndikulemba kuyambika kwachihindu ku India. Zilankhulo za Dravidian zaku India zidalowetsedwa m'malo akumpoto ndi kumadzulo. Pofika 400 BCE, kusiyana pakati pa atsogoleri achipembedzo kunayambika m'chipembedzo cha Chihindu, ndipo chipembedzo chachi Buddha ndi Chi Jainism chidayambira, osalengeza kuti chikhalidwe cha makolo sichinabadwe. Kuphatikizana koyambirira kwa ndale kunapangitsa kuti dziko la Maurya ndi Gupta Empires lotseguka mu Ganges Basin lithe. Nthawi yawo yonse idakhala yodzaza ndi zaluso, komanso kudziwika kwa kuchepa kwa azimayi, komanso kuphatikizidwa kwa kusakhudzidwa mgulu lazikhulupiriro. Ku South India, maufumu aku Middle East adatumiza zolemba za zilankhulo za Dravidian ndi zikhalidwe zachipembedzo ku maufumu aku Southeast Asia.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/