Texas (, kwanuko; Spanish: Texas kapena Tejas, otchulidwa [ˈtexas] (mverani)) ndi boma ku South Central Region ku United States. Ndi dziko lachiwiri lalikulu kwambiri ku US kudera (pambuyo pa Alaska) ndi anthu (pambuyo pa California). Texas imagawana malire ndi mayiko a Louisiana kum'mawa, Arkansas kumpoto chakum'mawa, Oklahoma kumpoto, New Mexico kumadzulo, ndi mayiko aku Mexico a Chihuahua, Coahuila, Nuevo León, ndi Tamaulipas kumwera chakumadzulo. ndi Gulf of Mexico kumwera chakum'mawa. Houston ndi mzinda wokhala ndi anthu ambiri ku Texas komanso wachinayi ku US, pomwe San Antonio ndiye wachiwiri kwambiri padziko lonse ndipo wachisanu ndi chiwiri ku US Dallas-Fort Worth ndi Greater Houston ndi madera achinayi ndi achisanu padziko lonse lapansi. kudzikolo, motsatana. Mizinda ina ikuluikulu ndi Austin, likulu lachiwiri lokhala ndi anthu ambiri ku US, ndi El Paso. Texas amadziwika kuti "Lone Star State" chifukwa cha udindo wawo wakale monga boma lodziyimira pawokha, komanso ngati chikumbutso chazovuta za boma lodziyimira pawokha ku Mexico. "Lone Star" ikhoza kupezeka pa mbendera ya boma la Texas komanso pa chidindo cha Texas state. Komwe dzina la Texas likuchokera ku liwu loti taysha, lomwe limatanthawuza "abwenzi" mchilankhulo cha Caddo.Chulukane ndi kukula kwake komanso mawonekedwe a geologic monga Balcones Fault, Texas ili ndi malo osiyanasiyana omwe amapezeka ku US Southern ndi Southwestern. Ngakhale Texas imakonda kuphatikizidwa ndi zipululu zakumwera chakumadzulo kwa US, malo ochepera khumi a Texas ndi chipululu. Ambiri mwa malo okhala anthu ali m'malo omwe kale anali m'mapiri, maudzu, nkhalango komanso m'mphepete mwa nyanja. Kuyenda kuchokera kummawa kukafika kumadzulo, munthu amatha kuwona malo omwe amayambira m'madambo am'mphepete mwa mitengo ndi paini, kupita kumadambo komanso kumapiri, ndipo pamapeto pake ndi chipululu komanso mapiri a Big Bend. Mawu oti "mbendera zisanu ndi imodzi ku Texas", amatanthauza mayiko angapo omwe alamulira m'derali. Spain inali dziko loyamba ku Europe kufunsa ndikulamulira dera la Texas. France idakhala ndi azungu. Mexico idalamulira chigawo mpaka 1836 pamene Texas idalandira ufulu wake, ndikukhala Republic yodziyimira pawokha. Mu 1845, Texas adalowa mgwirizanowu monga boma la 28. Kuzindikira kwa dzikolo kunayambitsa zochitika zingapo zomwe zidapangitsa kuti ku Mexico-America ku Nkhondo ya 1846. Boma lankhondo lisanafike nkhondo yapakati pa America Civil War, Texas idalengeza kuti lidayimira kuchokera ku US koyambirira kwa chaka cha 1861, ndipo adalowa m'bungwe la Confederate States of America pa Marichi 2 za chaka chomwecho. Pambuyo pa Nkhondo Yapachiweniweni ndi kubwezeretsa kuyimira kwawo m'boma la fedulo, Texas idalowa nthawi yayitali pazachuma. M'mbuyomu mafakitale akuluakulu anayi adasanja chuma cha Texas nkhondo yachiwiri yapadziko lonse isanachitike: ng'ombe ndi njati, thonje, matabwa, ndi mafuta. Nkhondo ya ku America isanachitike komanso isanachitike, makampani az ng'ombe, omwe Texas inkawalamulira, anali oyendetsa bizinesi yayikulu kwambiri, motero amapanga chithunzi chamakolo aku Texas. M'zaka zam'ma 1900 thonje ndi matabwa adakula kukhala mafakitale akulu chifukwa ntchito za ng'ombe zidachepa. Zinali, komabe, kupezeka kwa mafuta akuluakulu (Spindletop makamaka) komwe kunayambitsa kukondwerera kwachuma komwe kwakhala kuyendetsa chuma patsogolo pazaka zambiri za zana la 20. Pokhala ndi ndalama zambiri m'mayunivesite, Texas idapanga chitukuko chamachuma komanso zamakono apakati pa zaka za m'ma 1900. Pofika chaka cha 2015, ndi lachiwiri pamndandanda wamakampani ambiri a Fortune 500 omwe ali ndi 54. Ndikokhala ndi mafakitale omwe akukula, boma limatsogolera m'mafakitale ambiri, kuphatikizapo zokopa alendo, zaulimi, ma petrochemicals, mphamvu, makompyuta ndi zamagetsi, aerospace, ndi biomedical sayansi. Texas yatsogolera ku US pantchito yotumiza kunja kuchokera ku 2002 ndipo ili ndi lachiwiri kwambiri pamayiko onse. Akadakhala kuti Texas ndi dziko lodziyimira palokha, bwenzi ali wolemera kwambiri padziko lonse lapansi.

Source: https://en.wikipedia.org/